Development Models & Economic Growth

This model is the crises of development model. The five crises of development in this model are (1) penetration; (2) participation; (3) identity; (4) legitimacy; and (5) distribution.

A major problem associated with the examination of a political/economic system is that such systems do not exist in a vacuum##they are embedded in, and closely related to, many other activities in a society. It is, thus, more profitable to analyze the process of development as a system of interrelated activities, as opposed to a piecemeal analysis of the components of the development, for the process of development, as is true of a functioning system, is an integral part of the society within which it occurs.

Models of development must be just that##models. They may provide a general framework within which the development process within a specific country may be understood. Further, a political/economic system is expected to change over time, because the environments in which people live change over time.

Models of development may also be process in character. The crises model mentioned above is a process model that includes development areas with which every political/economic system must deal, and processe

In the legal arena, the European Court of Justice is composed of 13 judges. One judge is provided by each of the 12 member states, and a chief judge is chosen by the European parliament. Judges serve six#year renewable terms. A simple majority only is required to decide cases before the Court of Justice. The role of the European Court of Justice is similar to the role of the Supreme Court in the United States. The Court of Justice determines if EC laws, as those laws are embodied in the various treaties creating the communities, are interpreted and implemented correctly. Additionally, the Court of Justice may consider disputes between member states, which are connected with the objectives of the EC, whether or not those disputes are directly related to treaty provisions. Complaints concerning member state violations of treaty agreements may be lodged with the Court of Justice by other member states, or by the European Commission. Member states may also use the Court of Justice to appeal the actions of both the European Commission, and the Council of Ministers. Further, the court resolves conflicts between EC laws, and the national laws of the various member states. The rulings of the Court of Justice are binding on all parties, and are not subject to appeal.

The dependency model holds is a product of revisionist economics. It holds that underdeveloped countries are, controlled economically by developed countries. The model further holds that (1) under development is not an original state, (2) contemporary under development resulted from the economic imperialism of developed countries, (3) the economic surplus in developing countries is drained to developed countries, and (4) multinational business activity is the means of perpetuating dependency. There is merit in each of the three theories.

 

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