In the fateful night of eighth of August in 1974, President Richard M. Nixon announced his resignation from his office due to the pertinent dilemma that he was facing. Based on his resignation speech, he has to leave his office simply because the Congress has lost its faith on him, and as a result of that he can't pursue the completion of his term of office. In his resignation speech, Nixon explicitly said that he will vacate the White Property at exactly twelve o’clock noon the next day, and that his office is going to be officially entrusted with Vice President Gerald R. Ford. On that fateful night, Nixon uttered right here words “that method of healing that is so desperately required in America,”1 which is regarded by his critics as partly actual and partly as an escape goat for an imminent impeachment against him. (1)
In American history, Nixon is the very first president who surrenders his authority and stature. What are the circumstances that led an esteemed president to his fall down? It was well-liked belief that a president would only be forced to leave his office for two crucial reasons: first, if he is often a lousy president, regardless if he is innately a good person, his lousiness will bring forth the end of his term, and second, if he is an exceptional president but catapulted an extraordinary scandal that no a single can forgive, his days over a White Residence will truly be numbered. (2) And from the case of Nixon, he committed the latter.
In this paper, I'll outline how a seemingly invincible president was crushed down. I will also give nitty-gritty data of Watergate scandal, that may be the root of Nixon’s fall down from his office. But enable me first supply a brief exposition of Nixon’s autobiographical account of his presidency.
The Anthology of Humble Beginnings
Nixon began his political journey after he became a part of United States of Property of Representatives in 1946. But it was only in 1948 that his name was propelled with respect and adoration inside public eye as a result of his discovery of Alger Hiss’ conspiracy with Soviet Union. In 1950, he won the senatorial race outwitting Congresswoman Helen Gahagan Douglas, wherever he has a well publicized rivalry. During this senatorial race, Nixon was referred to as as Tricky Dick because he labeled the congresswoman as the Pink Lady. (1)
In 1952, Nixon achieved new heights in his political work simply because he was elected as the 36th vice president of our country. But just before he assumed this position, he faced a scandal about malversation of public funds, which led the Democrats as well as the Republicans in requesting President Eisenhower to get rid of him of their party. Nixon as being a good speaker convinced Eisenhower as well as the public that his conscience is clean and that he is indeed credible for ones position following reciting his Checkers speech during the television. (1)
In Nixon’s journey there have been some fiascos along his way. In 1960, he joined the presidential race against President John F. Kennedy, which led to his very first disappointment in his political career. He experienced an additional disappointment right after losing his candidacy within the race for Governor of California. (1)
But in each storm there will often be rainbow. When Nixon effectively established a strong political party during the guise of what he known as “silent majority”, his political comeback is already certain. In 1969, he became the 37th president with the United States of The united states upsetting Hubert H. Humphrey with less a single percent in the poll. His triumph is due to his promise of ending the Vietnam War, in which he fruitfully put into a realization. With his creation of Nixon Doctrine, he delivered peace not only with Vietnam but with China and Soviet Union as well. (3)
But everything need to come down to its end. And that is exactly what happens to Nixon’s political journey after the Watergate scandal started to come out. This time there was practically nothing he can do to save his diminishing credibility.
The Anatomy of Watergate Scandal
Watergate is absolutely nothing but a plain lavish establishment erected in Washington D.C. that doesn’t spell any scandal. But in 1972, it changed our perception on the hotel because it embodies Nixon’s myriad of under the table activities. The starting of these Watergate activities can also be traced back in 1969 once he and Henry Kissinger attempted to stop the leaking of his administration’s shenanigans by wire tapping the phones of numerous journalists and individuals officials against who have been against him. These Watergate wrongdoings also include the housebreak of Dr. Lewis Fielding in an effort to obtain his psychiatric records, which transpired in 1971; the FBI probing on CBS’ Daniel Horr in 1971; and the investigation of G. Gordon Liddy’s discussion of Jack Anderson assassination also in 1971.(3)
But it was inside the seventeenth of June 1972 at close to two from the morning that all of these activities exactly where discovered, after five of his men had been caught burglarizing the Democratic Party’s headquarters located at Watergate hotel. According to documents, Frank Mills, a guard in Watergate hotel, was making his inspection with the location when he discovered a piece of tape preventing a door from latching. He removed the tape, only to found out later that the door was re-taped. Out of curiosity, Mills phoned the police about the matter. At around 2:30 in the morning, five men had been caught installing wire tapping paraphernalia and taking pictures of some post causing them to be arrested.(2)
These men had been later recognized as Bernard Barker, Virgilio Gonzalez, Eugenio Martinez, Frank Sturgis, and James W. McCord Jr., and proven to acquire a connection with Nixon. During the arraignment of these burglars, Washington Post’s Bob Woodard overheard some pertinent information from McCord, which led for his own investigation, and later on he found that McCord was component of Committee to Re-Elect the President (CRP) security force. As the scandal went on, the link in between the Watergate event and also the White Home was finally established after E. Howard Hunt’s phone amount was found in Barker’s notebook. (2)
According to investigations, Hunt and Liddy served as watchers outside the hotel, wherein each of them had been guarding outside the vicinity and communication of the burglars inside the Watergate hotel, and later on, it was realized that each had been members of “The Plumbers”. John Ehrlichman was the brainchild with the Plumbers, which is developed to ensure that impossibility of any leakage in Nixon’s office and to destroy the Democrats. (2)
Nixon’s forces tried damage control via cover-ups, alibis and denials. Jeb Magruder, L. Patrick Gray of FBI as well as others obliterated all essential documents and denied all allegations relating to the scandal. Inside a desperate attempt to control the situation, Nixon asked White House Chief of Staff Robert Haldeman to accomplish his individual probing over a situation arguing that it might interfere on the CIA operation, but this investigation was planned so that may get preserve on the CIA. (2)
Woodard as well as Carl Bernstein continued there search on a scandal until they discovered a formidable source inside the White House, whom they labeled Deep Throat. Based on their reports, Deep Throat only confirmed all of the data that they have gathered when it comes to Watergate scandal. In 2005, W. Mark Felt validated that he was behind Deep Throat secret identity. (4)
In the progression of the scandal, Nixon was re-elected from presidency, and two months after his re-election, the 5 burglars pleaded guilty although McCord and Liddy were convicted of conspiracy, burglary, and illegal wiretapping in Judge John Sirica’s trial. Things get out of manage as time went by. His underlings began to backstab each other, some of them blackmailed him, and worst of all they left Nixon from the verge of his insurmountable predicament. (4)
But the biggest mistake he committed happened after he fired Archibald Cox as well as some of his subordinate. This incident over a twentieth of October 1973 was named the Saturday Night Massacre provoked the first serious attempts to Nixon’s impeachment. The very first impeachment trial was heard on a ninth of May. But his last straw was pulled out once the smoking gun tape was listened over a fifth of August 1974. The tape disclosed Nixon’s approval to hush income for Hunt who blackmailed him for releasing his part over a Watergate scandal. It also exposed that Nixon asked CIA to speak on the FBI for dropping the investigation on Pigs with the Bay. (1)
The realization of imminent impeachment led Nixon to file his resignation. But he produced sure that his exit are going to be redeeming. In a national television, he announced his resignation with words of a dignified man by stating “By taking this action, I hope that I will have hastened the start on the procedure of healing that's so desperately required in America.” At the end of his speech, he in no way admitted any act of wrongdoing. The next day, at exactly twelve noon, he left White Property and Vice President Ford filled the left position. And on a eight of September, a single month after the televised address, President Ford freed Nixon from all of his political crimes. (2)
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